Perl UNLESS...ELSIF 语句


except语句后面可以跟一个可选的elsif...else语句,这对于使用单个 except...elsif 语句测试各种条件非常有用。

使用 except、elsif、else 语句时,有几点需要牢记。

  • except可以有零个或一个else 并且它必须位于任何elsif之后。

  • except可以有零到多个elsif 并且它们必须位于else之前。

  • 一旦elsif成功,其余的elsifelse都不会被测试。

句法

Perl 编程语言中except...elsif...else语句的语法是 -

unless(boolean_expression 1) {
   # Executes when the boolean expression 1 is false
} elsif( boolean_expression 2) {
   # Executes when the boolean expression 2 is true
} elsif( boolean_expression 3) {
   # Executes when the boolean expression 3 is true
} else {
   # Executes when the none of the above condition is met
}

例子

#!/usr/local/bin/perl
 
$a = 20;
# check the boolean condition using if statement
unless( $a  ==  30 ) {
   # if condition is false then print the following
   printf "a has a value which is not 20\n";
} elsif( $a ==  30 ) {
   # if condition is true then print the following
   printf "a has a value which is 30\n";
} else {
   # if none of the above conditions is met
   printf "a has a value which is $a\n";
}

这里我们使用相等运算符 == 来检查两个操作数是否相等。如果两个操作数相同则返回 true,否则返回 false。执行上述代码时,会产生以下结果 -

a has a value which is not 20
perl_conditions.htm