D 编程 if...else 语句


if语句后面可以跟一个可选的else语句,该语句在布尔表达式为 false 时执行

句法

D 编程语言中if...else语句的语法为 -

if(boolean_expression) { 
   /* statement(s) will execute if the boolean expression is true */ 
} else { 
   /* statement(s) will execute if the boolean expression is false */ 
}

如果布尔表达式的计算结果为true,则执行if 代码块,否则执行else 代码块。

D 编程语言将任何非零非空值假定为true,如果它为零null 则将其假定为false值。

流程图

D if...else 语句

例子

import std.stdio;
 
int main () { 
   /* local variable definition */ 
   int a = 100; 

   /* check the boolean condition */ 
   if( a < 20 ) { 
      /* if condition is true then print the following */ 
      writefln("a is less than 20" ); 
   } else { 
      /* if condition is false then print the following */
      writefln("a is not less than 20" ); 
   } 
   writefln("value of a is : %d", a); 

   return 0; 
}

当上面的代码被编译并执行时,它会产生以下结果 -

a is not less than 20; 
value of a is : 100

if...else if...else 语句

if语句后面可以跟一个可选的else if...else语句,这对于使用单个 if...else if 语句测试各种条件非常有用。

使用 if、else if、else 语句时,有几点需要记住 -

  • if可以有 0 个或 1 个 else if,并且它必须位于任何 else if 之后

  • if可以有零到多个 else if,并且它们必须出现在 else 之前

  • 一旦 else if 成功,则不会测试其余的 else if 或 else。

句法

D 编程语言中if...else if...else语句的语法为 -

if(boolean_expression 1) { 
   /* Executes when the boolean expression 1 is true */ 
} else if( boolean_expression 2) { 
   /* Executes when the boolean expression 2 is true */ 
} else if( boolean_expression 3) { 
   /* Executes when the boolean expression 3 is true */ 
} else { 
   /* executes when the none of the above condition is true */ 
}

例子

import std.stdio;
 
int main () { 
   /* local variable definition */ 
   int a = 100; 

   /* check the boolean condition */ 
   if( a == 10 ) { 
      /* if condition is true then print the following */ 
      writefln("Value of a is 10" ); 
   } else if( a == 20 ) { 
      /* if else if condition is true */ 
      writefln("Value of a is 20" ); 
   } else if( a == 30 ) { 
      /* if else if condition is true  */ 
      writefln("Value of a is 30" ); 
   } else { 
      /* if none of the conditions is true */ 
      writefln("None of the values is matching" ); 
   } 
   writefln("Exact value of a is: %d", a ); 

   return 0; 
}

当上面的代码被编译并执行时,它会产生以下结果 -

None of the values is matching 
Exact value of a is: 100 
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