- JasperReports 教程
- JasperReports - 主页
- JasperReports - 入门
- JasperReports - 环境设置
- JasperReports - 生命周期
- JasperReports - 设计
- JasperReports - 编译设计
- JasperReports - 填充
- JasperReports - 查看和打印
- JasperReports - 导出
- JasperReports - 参数
- JasperReports - 数据源
- JasperReports - 字段
- JasperReports - 表达式
- JasperReports - 变量
- JasperReports - 部分
- JasperReports - 组
- JasperReports - 字体
- JasperReports - Unicode 支持
- JasperReports - 样式
- JasperReports - Scriptlet
- JasperReports - 创建子报表
- JasperReports - 创建图表
- JasperReports - 交叉表
- JasperReports - 国际化
- JasperReports 资源
- JasperReports - 快速指南
- JasperReports - 有用的资源
- JasperReports - 讨论
JasperReports - 填写报告
任何报告工具的主要目的都是生成高质量的文档。报告填写过程帮助报告工具通过操作数据集来实现这一点。
报告填写过程所需的主要输入是 -
报告模板- 这是实际的 JasperReport 文件。
报告参数- 这些基本上是在报告填充时传递给引擎的命名值。我们将在报告参数章节中讨论它们。
数据源- 我们可以从一系列数据源填充 Jasper 文件,例如 SQL 查询、XML 文件、csv 文件、HQL(Hibernate 查询语言)查询、Java Bean 集合等。这将详细讨论在报告数据源章节中。
此过程生成的输出是一个.jrprint文档,可供查看、打印或导出为其他格式。外观类net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager通常用于用数据填充报告模板。此类具有各种填充报告模板的fillReportXXX()方法(模板可以位于磁盘上、从输入流中选取或直接作为内存中提供)。
该外观类中有两类 fillReportXXX() 方法 -
第一种类型,接收 java.sql.Connection 对象作为第三个参数。大多数时候,报告中充满了来自关系数据库的数据。这是通过以下方式实现的:
通过 JDBC 连接数据库。
在报告模板中包含 SQL 查询。
JasperReports 引擎使用传入的连接并执行 SQL 查询。
由此产生用于填写报告的报告数据源。
第二种,当需要填充的数据以其他形式存在时,接收一个net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRDataSource对象。
填写报告模板
让我们编写一个报告模板。JRXML 文件(C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\jasper_report_template.jrxml)的内容如下 -
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE jasperReport PUBLIC "//JasperReports//DTD Report Design//EN" "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/dtds/jasperreport.dtd"> <jasperReport xmlns = "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/xsd/jasperreport.xsd" name = "jasper_report_template" language = "groovy" pageWidth = "595" pageHeight = "842" columnWidth = "555" leftMargin = "20" rightMargin = "20" topMargin = "20" bottomMargin = "20"> <queryString> <![CDATA[]]> </queryString> <field name = "country" class = "java.lang.String"> <fieldDescription><![CDATA[country]]></fieldDescription> </field> <field name = "name" class = "java.lang.String"> <fieldDescription><![CDATA[name]]></fieldDescription> </field> <columnHeader> <band height = "23"> <staticText> <reportElement mode = "Opaque" x = "0" y = "3" width = "535" height = "15" backcolor = "#70A9A9" /> <box> <bottomPen lineWidth = "1.0" lineColor = "#CCCCCC" /> </box> <textElement /> <text><![CDATA[]]> </text> </staticText> <staticText> <reportElement x = "414" y = "3" width = "121" height = "15" /> <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle"> <font isBold = "true" /> </textElement> <text><![CDATA[Country]]></text> </staticText> <staticText> <reportElement x = "0" y = "3" width = "136" height = "15" /> <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle"> <font isBold = "true" /> </textElement> <text><![CDATA[Name]]></text> </staticText> </band> </columnHeader> <detail> <band height = "16"> <staticText> <reportElement mode = "Opaque" x = "0" y = "0" width = "535" height = "14" backcolor = "#E5ECF9" /> <box> <bottomPen lineWidth = "0.25" lineColor = "#CCCCCC" /> </box> <textElement /> <text><![CDATA[]]> </text> </staticText> <textField> <reportElement x = "414" y = "0" width = "121" height = "15" /> <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle"> <font size = "9" /> </textElement> <textFieldExpression class = "java.lang.String"> <![CDATA[$F{country}]]> </textFieldExpression> </textField> <textField> <reportElement x = "0" y = "0" width = "136" height = "15" /> <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle" /> <textFieldExpression class = "java.lang.String"> <![CDATA[$F{name}]]> </textFieldExpression> </textField> </band> </detail> </jasperReport>
接下来,让我们将 Java 数据对象(Java beans)的集合传递给 JasperReport 引擎,以填充此编译后的报告。
编写一个POJO DataBean.java,它代表数据对象(Java bean)。该类定义了两个 String 对象,即“name”和“country”。将其保存到目录C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\src\com\tutorialspoint。
package com.tutorialspoint; public class DataBean { private String name; private String country; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getCountry() { return country; } public void setCountry(String country) { this.country = country; } }
编写一个类DataBeanList.java,它具有生成java bean对象集合的业务逻辑。这进一步传递给 JasperReports 引擎,以生成报告。这里我们在 List 中添加 4 个 DataBean 对象。将其保存到目录C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\src\com\tutorialspoint。
package com.tutorialspoint; import java.util.ArrayList; public class DataBeanList { public ArrayList<DataBean> getDataBeanList() { ArrayList<DataBean> dataBeanList = new ArrayList<DataBean>(); dataBeanList.add(produce("Manisha", "India")); dataBeanList.add(produce("Dennis Ritchie", "USA")); dataBeanList.add(produce("V.Anand", "India")); dataBeanList.add(produce("Shrinath", "California")); return dataBeanList; } /** * This method returns a DataBean object, * with name and country set in it. */ private DataBean produce(String name, String country) { DataBean dataBean = new DataBean(); dataBean.setName(name); dataBean.setCountry(country); return dataBean; } }
编写一个主类文件JasperReportFill.java,它从类 (DataBeanList) 获取 java bean 集合并将其传递给 JasperReports 引擎,以填充报表模板。将其保存到目录C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\src\com\tutorialspoint。
package com.tutorialspoint; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRException; import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager; import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.JRBeanCollectionDataSource; public class JasperReportFill { @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static void main(String[] args) { String sourceFileName = "c://tools/jasperreports-5.0.1/test/jasper_report_template.jasper"; DataBeanList DataBeanList = new DataBeanList(); ArrayList<DataBean> dataList = DataBeanList.getDataBeanList(); JRBeanCollectionDataSource beanColDataSource = new JRBeanCollectionDataSource(dataList); Map parameters = new HashMap(); try { JasperFillManager.fillReportToFile( sourceFileName, parameters, beanColDataSource); } catch (JRException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
生成报告
我们现在将使用常规 ANT 构建过程来编译并执行这些文件。build.xml 文件如下所示 -
导入文件 - baseBuild.xml 从“环境设置”一章中选取,应放置在与 build.xml 相同的目录中。
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <project name = "JasperReportTest" default = "executereport" basedir = "."> <import file = "baseBuild.xml"/> <target name = "executereport" depends = "compile,compilereportdesing,run"> <echo message = "Im here"/> </target> <target name = "compilereportdesing" description = "Compiles the JXML file and produces the .jasper file."> <taskdef name = "jrc" classname = "net.sf.jasperreports.ant.JRAntCompileTask"> <classpath refid = "classpath" /> </taskdef> <jrc destdir = "."> <src> <fileset dir = "."> <include name = "*.jrxml" /> </fileset> </src> <classpath refid = "classpath" /> </jrc> </target> </project>
接下来,我们打开命令行窗口并进入build.xml所在的目录。最后,执行命令ant -Dmain-class = com.tutorialspoint.JasperReportFill(executereport是默认目标)如下 -
C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test>ant -Dmain-class = com.tutorialspoint.JasperReportFill Buildfile: C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\build.xml compile: [javac] C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\baseBuild.xml:27: warning: 'includeantruntime' was not set, defaulting to build.sysclasspath=last; set to false for repeatable builds [javac] Compiling 1 source file to C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\classes run: [echo] Runnin class : com.tutorialspoint.JasperReportFill [java] log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (net.sf.jasperreports.extensions.ExtensionsEnvironment). [java] log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly. BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 8 seconds
上述执行的结果是,在.jasper文件所在的目录中生成了一个文件jasper_report_template.jrprint (在本例中,它生成在 C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test)。