SLF4J - 参数化日志记录
正如本教程前面所讨论的,SLF4J 提供对参数化日志消息的支持。
您可以在消息中使用参数,并稍后在同一语句中将值传递给它们。
句法
如下所示,您需要在消息(字符串)中的任何需要的地方使用占位符({}),稍后您可以以对象形式传递占位符的值,用逗号分隔消息和值。
Integer age; Logger.info("At the age of {} ramu got his first job", age);
例子
以下示例演示了使用 SLF4J 的参数化日志记录(使用单个参数)。
import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; public class PlaceHolders { public static void main(String[] args) { //Creating the Logger object Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PlaceHolders.class); Integer age = 23; //Logging the information logger.info("At the age of {} ramu got his first job", age); } }
输出
执行后,上述程序生成以下输出 -
Dec 10, 2018 3:25:45 PM PlaceHolders main INFO: At the age of 23 Ramu got his first job
参数化日志记录的优点
在 Java 中,如果我们需要在语句中打印值,我们将使用连接运算符:
System.out.println("At the age of "+23+" ramu got his first job");
这涉及到将整数值 23 转换为字符串并将该值与其周围的字符串连接起来。
如果它是一个日志记录语句,并且如果您的语句的特定日志级别被禁用,那么所有这些计算将毫无用处。
在这种情况下,您可以使用参数化日志记录。在这种格式中,SLF4J 最初会确认是否启用了特定级别的日志记录。如果是这样,它将用相应的值替换消息中的占位符。
例如,如果我们有这样的语句
Integer age; Logger.debug("At the age of {} ramu got his first job", age);
仅当启用调试时,SLF4J 才会将年龄转换为整数并将其与字符串连接,否则不执行任何操作。因此,当禁用日志级别时,会产生参数构造的成本。
两个参数变体
您还可以在消息中使用两个参数:
logger.info("Old weight is {}. new weight is {}.", oldWeight, newWeight);
例子
以下示例演示了参数化日志记录中两个占位符的用法。
import java.util.Scanner; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; public class PlaceHolders { public static void main(String[] args) { Integer oldWeight; Integer newWeight; Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter old weight:"); oldWeight = sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("Enter new weight:"); newWeight = sc.nextInt(); //Creating the Logger object Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Sample.class); //Logging the information logger.info("Old weight is {}. new weight is {}.", oldWeight, newWeight); //Logging the information logger.info("After the program weight reduced is: "+(oldWeight-newWeight)); } }
输出
执行后,上述程序会生成以下输出。
Enter old weight: 85 Enter new weight: 74 Dec 10, 2018 4:12:31 PM PlaceHolders main INFO: Old weight is 85. new weight is 74. Dec 10, 2018 4:12:31 PM PlaceHolders main INFO: After the program weight reduced is: 11
多参数变体
您还可以使用两个以上的占位符,如下例所示 -
import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; public class PlaceHolders { public static void main(String[] args) { Integer age = 24; String designation = "Software Engineer"; String company = "Infosys"; //Creating the Logger object Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Sample.class); //Logging the information logger.info("At the age of {} ramu got his first job as a {} at {}", age, designation, company); } }
输出
执行后,上述程序生成以下输出 -
Dec 10, 2018 4:23:52 PM PlaceHolders main INFO: At the age of 24 ramu got his first job as a Software Engineer at Infosys