XStream - 别名

别名是一种通过 XStream 自定义生成的 XML 或使用特定格式的 XML 的技术。假设以下 XML 格式用于序列化/反序列化 Student 对象。

<student name = "Suresh">
   <note>
      <title>first</title>
      <description>My first assignment.</description>
   </note>
   
   <note>
      <title>second</title>
      <description>My second assignment.</description>
   </note>
</student>

基于上面的XML格式，让我们创建模型类。

class Student {
   private String studentName;
   private List<Note> notes = new ArrayList<Note>();
   
   public Student(String name) {
      this.studentName = name;
   }
   
   public void addNote(Note note) {
      notes.add(note);
   }
   
   public String getName() {
      return studentName;
   }
   
   public List<Note> getNotes() {
      return notes;
   }
}

class Note {
   private String title;
   private String description;

   public Note(String title, String description) {
      this.title = title;
      this.description = description;
   }

   public String getTitle() {
      return title;
   }

   public String getDescription() {
      return description;
   }     
}

让我们使用 XStream 测试上述对象序列化。

在 C:\>XStream_WORKSPACE\com\tutorialspoint\xstream 中创建名为 XStreamTester 的 java 类文件。

文件：XStreamTester.java

package com.tutorialspoint.xstream;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXSource;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXTransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.xml.sax.InputSource;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.StaxDriver;

public class XStreamTester {
   public static void main(String args[]) {
   
      XStreamTester tester = new XStreamTester();
      XStream xstream = new XStream(new StaxDriver());
      Student student = tester.getStudentDetails();
      
      //Object to XML Conversion
      String xml = xstream.toXML(student);
      System.out.println(formatXml(xml));		
   }	

   private Student getStudentDetails() {
   
      Student student = new Student("Mahesh");
      
      student.addNote(new Note("first","My first assignment."));
      student.addNote(new Note("second","My Second assignment."));
      
      return student;
   }

   public static String formatXml(String xml) {
   
      try {
         Transformer serializer = SAXTransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
         
         serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
         serializer.setOutputProperty("{http://xml.apache.org/xslt}indent-amount", "2");
         
         Source xmlSource = new SAXSource(new InputSource(
            new ByteArrayInputStream(xml.getBytes())));
         StreamResult res =  new StreamResult(new ByteArrayOutputStream());            
         
         serializer.transform(xmlSource, res);
         
         return new String(((ByteArrayOutputStream)res.getOutputStream()).toByteArray());
         
      } catch(Exception e) {
         return xml;
      }
   }
}

class Student {
   private String studentName;
   private List<Note> notes = new ArrayList<Note>();
   
   public Student(String name) {
      this.studentName = name;
   }
   
   public void addNote(Note note) {
      notes.add(note);
   }
   
   public String getName() {
      return studentName;
   }
   
   public List<Note> getNotes() {
      return notes;
   }
}

class Note {
   private String title;
   private String description;
   
   public Note(String title, String description) {
      this.title = title;
      this.description = description;
   }
   
   public String getTitle() {
      return title;
   }
   
   public String getDescription() {
      return description;
   }     
}

验证结果

使用javac编译器编译类，如下所示 -

C:\XStream_WORKSPACE\com\tutorialspoint\xstream>javac XStreamTester.java

现在运行 XStreamTester 查看结果 -

C:\XStream_WORKSPACE\com\tutorialspoint\xstream>java XStreamTester

验证输出如下 -

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<com.tutorialspoint.xstream.Student>
   <studentName>Mahesh</studentName>
   <notes>
      <com.tutorialspoint.xstream.Note>
         <title>first</title>
         <description>My first assignment.</description>
      </com.tutorialspoint.xstream.Note>
      
      <com.tutorialspoint.xstream.Note>
         <title>second</title>
         <description>My Second assignment.</description>
     </com.tutorialspoint.xstream.Note>
   </notes>
</com.tutorialspoint.xstream.Student>

在上面的结果中，Student 对象名称是完全限定的。要将其替换为学生标签，请按照下一部分进行操作。