JSP - 数据库访问

本章我们将讨论如何使用JSP访问数据库。我们假设您对 JDBC 应用程序的工作原理有很好的了解。在开始通过 JSP 访问数据库之前，请确保您具有正确的 JDBC 环境设置和数据库。

有关如何使用 JDBC 访问数据库及其环境设置的更多详细信息，您可以阅读我们的JDBC 教程。

首先从基本概念开始，让我们创建一个表并在该表中创建一些记录，如下所示 -

创建表

要在 EMP 数据库中创建员工表，请使用以下步骤 -

步骤1

打开命令提示符并更改为安装目录，如下所示 -

C:\>
C:\>cd Program Files\MySQL\bin
C:\Program Files\MySQL\bin>

第2步

登录数据库如下 -

C:\Program Files\MySQL\bin>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ********
mysql>

步骤3

在TEST数据库中创建Employee表如下 - -

mysql> use TEST;
mysql> create table Employees
   (
      id int not null,
      age int not null,
      first varchar (255),
      last varchar (255)
   );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql>

创建数据记录

现在让我们在Employee表中创建一些记录，如下 - -

mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (100, 18, 'Zara', 'Ali');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
 
mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (101, 25, 'Mahnaz', 'Fatma');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (102, 30, 'Zaid', 'Khan');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (103, 28, 'Sumit', 'Mittal');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql>

选择操作

以下示例展示了如何在 JSP 编程中使用 JTSL 执行SQL SELECT语句 -

<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix = "c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix = "sql"%>
 
<html>
   <head>
      <title>SELECT Operation</title>
   </head>

   <body>
      <sql:setDataSource var = "snapshot" driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
         url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/TEST"
         user = "root"  password = "pass123"/>
 
      <sql:query dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "result">
         SELECT * from Employees;
      </sql:query>
 
      <table border = "1" width = "100%">
         <tr>
            <th>Emp ID</th>
            <th>First Name</th>
            <th>Last Name</th>
            <th>Age</th>
         </tr>
         
         <c:forEach var = "row" items = "${result.rows}">
            <tr>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.id}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.first}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.last}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.age}"/></td>
            </tr>
         </c:forEach>
      </table>
 
   </body>
</html>

访问上述JSP，将显示以下结果 -




Emp ID
First Name
Last Name
Age




100
Zara
Ali
18




101
Mahnaz
Fatma
25


 

102
Zaid
Khan
30




103
Sumit
Mittal
28

插入操作

以下示例展示了如何在 JSP 编程中使用 JTSL 执行 SQL INSERT 语句 -

<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix = "c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix = "sql"%>
 
<html>
   <head>
      <title>JINSERT Operation</title>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <sql:setDataSource var = "snapshot" driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
         url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/TEST"
         user = "root"  password = "pass123"/>
         <sql:update dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "result">
         INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (104, 2, 'Nuha', 'Ali');
      </sql:update>
 
      <sql:query dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "result">
         SELECT * from Employees;
      </sql:query>
 
      <table border = "1" width = "100%">
         <tr>
            <th>Emp ID</th>
            <th>First Name</th>
            <th>Last Name</th>
            <th>Age</th>
         </tr>
         
         <c:forEach var = "row" items = "${result.rows}">
            <tr>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.id}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.first}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.last}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.age}"/></td>
            </tr>
         </c:forEach>
      </table>
 
   </body>
</html>

访问上述JSP，将显示以下结果 -




Emp ID
First Name
Last Name
Age




100
Zara
Ali
18




101
Mahnaz
Fatma
25


 

102
Zaid
Khan
30




103
Sumit
Mittal
28




104
Nuha
Ali
2

删除操作

以下示例展示了如何在 JSP 编程中使用 JTSL 执行SQL DELETE语句 -

<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix = "c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix = "sql"%>
 
<html>
   <head>
      <title>DELETE Operation</title>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <sql:setDataSource var = "snapshot" driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
         url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/TEST"
         user = "root" password = "pass123"/>
 
      <c:set var = "empId" value = "103"/>
 
      <sql:update dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "count">
         DELETE FROM Employees WHERE Id = ?
         <sql:param value = "${empId}" />
      </sql:update>
 
      <sql:query dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "result">
         SELECT * from Employees;
      </sql:query>
 
      <table border = "1" width = "100%">
         <tr>
            <th>Emp ID</th>
            <th>First Name</th>
            <th>Last Name</th>
            <th>Age</th>
         </tr>
            
         <c:forEach var = "row" items = "${result.rows}">
            <tr>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.id}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.first}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.last}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.age}"/></td>
            </tr>
         </c:forEach>
      </table>
 
   </body>
</html>

访问上述JSP，将显示以下结果 -




Emp ID
First Name
Last Name
Age




100
Zara
Ali
18




101
Mahnaz
Fatma
25




102
Zaid
Khan
30

更新操作

以下示例展示了如何在 JSP 编程中使用 JTSL 执行SQL UPDATE语句 -

<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri = "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix = "c"%>
<%@ taglib uri = "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix = "sql"%>
 
<html>
   <head>
      <title>DELETE Operation</title>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <sql:setDataSource var = "snapshot" driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
         url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/TEST"
         user = "root" password = "pass123"/>
 
      <c:set var = "empId" value = "102"/>
 
      <sql:update dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "count">
         UPDATE Employees SET WHERE last = 'Ali'
         <sql:param value = "${empId}" />
      </sql:update>
 
      <sql:query dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "result">
         SELECT * from Employees;
      </sql:query>
 
      <table border = "1" width = "100%">
         <tr>
            <th>Emp ID</th>
            <th>First Name</th>
            <th>Last Name</th>
            <th>Age</th>
         </tr>
            
         <c:forEach var = "row" items = "${result.rows}">
            <tr>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.id}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.first}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.last}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.age}"/></td>
            </tr>
         </c:forEach>
      </table>
 
   </body>
</html>

访问上述JSP，将显示以下结果 -




Emp ID
First Name
Last Name
Age




100
Zara
Ali
18




101
Mahnaz
Fatma
25




102
Zaid
Ali
30