CSS - z 索引


CSS z-index 属性

CSS z-index属性用于控制网页中元素在同一堆叠上下文中重叠时的堆叠顺序。z-index 值较高的元素出现在值较低的元素前面。

下图演示了 z-index 布局以供参考:

z 索引

z-index 属性可与嵌套在其他定位元素内部的定位元素一起使用。

句法

CSS 允许以多种方式设置元素的 z-index 属性。让我们检查所有可能的可用语法来设置元素的 z 索引。

关键词值

默认值。堆栈顺序与父元素的堆栈顺序相同。

z-index: auto;

整数值

正整数或负整数。它将元素的堆栈级别设置为给定值。较低的值将具有较低的优先级,并且元素将位于其他元素后面的一层。

z-index: 0; z-index: 5; z-index: 100; z-index: -1;

适用于

所有定位元素。

DOM语法

object.style.zIndex = "2";

CSS z-index 自动

CSS z-index: auto将元素的 z-index 设置为其父元素的堆栈顺序。它是 z-index 属性的默认值。

例子

这是一个例子 -

<html> <head> <style> .box1 { position: absolute; height: 200px; width: 280px; background-color: #f0baba; z-index: auto; text-align: center; padding: 3px; left: 10px; top: 10px; } .box2 { position: absolute; height: 120px; width: 200px; background-color: #eae98f; z-index: 1; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 20px; left: 30px; top: 30px; } p { margin-top: 250px; } </style> </head> <body> <p>The element with z-index value of auto appears behind the element with the z-index value of 1.</p> <div class="box1"> <span>CSS z-index: auto</span> <div class="box2"> <span>CSS z-index: 1</span> </div> </div> </body> </html>

CSS z-index - 正整数

CSS z-index 属性可以有一个正整数值。在堆叠顺序中,具有较高整数值的元素将出现在具有较低值的元素之上。

例子

这是一个例子 -

<html> <head> <style> .box1 { position: absolute; height: 200px; width: 280px; background-color: #f0baba; z-index: 1; text-align: center; padding: 3px; left: 10px; top: 10px; } .box2 { position: absolute; height: 140px; width: 220px; background-color: #eae98f; z-index: 2; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 10px; left: 30px; top: 30px; } .box3 { position: absolute; height: 90px; width: 160px; background-color: #b7c8ae; z-index: 3; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 20px; left: 50px; top: 50px; } p { margin-top: 250px; } </style> </head> <body> <p>The element with z-index value of 1 appears behind the element with the z-index value of 2 and 3.</p> <div class="box1"> CSS z-index: 1 </div> <div class="box2"> CSS z-index: 2 </div> <div class="box3"> CSS z-index: 3 </div> </body> </html>

CSS z-index - 负整数

您还可以对 z-index 属性使用负整数值。具有负 z-index 值的元素将堆叠在具有较高 z-index 值的元素下方。

例子

这是一个例子 -

<html> <head> <style> .box1 { position: absolute; height: 200px; width: 280px; background-color: #f0baba; z-index: -3; text-align: center; padding: 3px; left: 10px; top: 10px; } .box2 { position: absolute; height: 140px; width: 220px; background-color: #eae98f; z-index: -2; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 10px; left: 30px; top: 30px; } .box3 { position: absolute; height: 90px; width: 160px; background-color: #b7c8ae; z-index: -1; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 20px; left: 50px; top: 50px; } p { margin-top: 250px; } </style> </head> <body> <p>The element with z-index value of -3 appears behind the element with the z-index value of -2 and -1.</p> <div class="box1"> CSS z-index: -3 </div> <div class="box2"> CSS z-index: -2 </div> <div class="box3"> CSS z-index: -1 </div> </body> </html>

CSS z-index 宽度位置:粘性

以下示例演示了如何使用z-index属性来控制具有position:sticky属性的元素的堆叠顺序,以便它们在页面滚动时保持固定位置 -

<html> <head> <style> .box1 { position: sticky; height: 200px; width: 280px; background-color: #f0baba; z-index: 1; text-align: center; padding: 3px; margin: 10px; left: 10px; top: 80px; } .box2 { position: sticky; height: 140px; width: 220px; background-color: #eae98f; z-index: 2; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 10px; left: 40px; top: 200px; } .box3 { position: sticky; height: 90px; width: 160px; background-color: #b7c8ae; z-index: 3; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 10px; left: 70px; } </style> </head> <body> <p>Move cursor upward to see the effect.</p> <div class="box1"> CSS z-index: 1 </div> <div class="box2"> CSS z-index: 2 </div> <div class="box3"> CSS z-index: 3 </div> </body> </html>

CSS z-index 宽度位置:固定

以下示例演示了如何使用z-index属性使元素在用户向下滚动时保持在内容顶部,即使它具有position :fixed属性 -

<html> <head> <style> .container { position: relative; height: 350px; } .box1 { position: fixed; height: 200px; width: 280px; background-color: #f0baba; z-index: -3; text-align: center; padding: 3px; left: 10px; top: 10px; } .box2 { position: fixed; height: 140px; width: 220px; background-color: #eae98f; z-index: -2; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 10px; left: 30px; top: 30px; } .box3 { position: fixed; height: 90px; width: 160px; background-color: #b7c8ae; z-index: -1; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 20px; left: 50px; top: 50px; } h3 { margin-top: 320px; } </style> </head> <body> <h3>Scroll down the content to see the effect.</h3> <div class="container"> <div class="box1"> CSS z-index: -3 </div> <div class="box2"> CSS z-index: -2 </div> <div class="box3"> CSS z-index: -1 </div> </div> </body> </html>

CSS z-index 宽度位置:静态

以下示例显示z-index属性不会影响具有position: static属性的元素的堆叠顺序 -

<html> <head> <style> .box1 { position: static; height: 200px; width: 280px; background-color: #f0baba; z-index: 1; text-align: center; padding: 3px; margin: 10px; left: 10px; top: 10px; } .box2 { position: static; height: 140px; width: 220px; background-color: #eae98f; z-index: 2; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 10px; left: 30px; top: 30px; } .box3 { position: static; height: 90px; width: 160px; background-color: #b7c8ae; z-index: 3; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 10px; left: 50px; top: 50px; } </style> </head> <body> <p>The z-index property has no effect on the stacking order of elements if the position property is set to static.</p> <div class="box1"> CSS z-index: 1 </div> <div class="box2"> CSS z-index: 2 </div> <div class="box3"> CSS z-index: 3 </div> </body> </html>

CSS z-index 宽度位置:相对

该示例显示,当元素具有position:relative属性时,z-index属性相对于其在文档流中的原始位置定位元素。

<html> <head> <style> .box1 { position: relative; height: 200px; width: 280px; background-color: #f0baba; z-index: 1; text-align: center; padding: 3px; margin: 10px; left: 10px; top: 10px; } .box2 { position: relative; height: 140px; width: 220px; background-color: #eae98f; z-index: 2; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 10px; left: 30px; top: 30px; } .box3 { position: relative; height: 90px; width: 160px; background-color: #b7c8ae; z-index: 3; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin: 10px; left: 50px; top: 50px; } </style> </head> <body> <p>The z-index property positions the element relative to its original position if position is relative.</p> <div class="box1"> CSS z-index: 1 </div> <div class="box2"> CSS z-index: 2 </div> <div class="box3"> CSS z-index: 3 </div> </body> </html>