Xamarin - 多屏应用程序

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在本章中，我们将创建一个允许用户注册的登录系统。然后，成功登录后，我们会将注册用户带到我们应用程序的主屏幕。

首先，创建一个新项目并将其命名为Login System。在您的新项目中，转到main.axml并添加两个按钮和一个进度栏，如下所示。

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?> 
<LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
   android:orientation = "vertical" 
   android:layout_width = "fill_parent" 
   android:layout_height = "fill_parent" 
   android:background = "@android:color/background_light" 
   android:weightSum = "100" 
   android:minWidth = "25px" 
   android:minHeight = "25px"> 
   <TextView 
      android:text = "Login App" 
      android:textAppearance = "?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" 
      android:layout_width = "match_parent" 
      android:layout_weight = "20" 
      android:layout_height = "0dp" 
      android:textColor = "#368DEB" 
      android:id = "@+id/txtCreatAccount" 
      android:gravity = "center" 
      android:textStyle = "bold" 
      android:textSize = "25sp" /> 
   <Button 
      android:text = "Sign In" 
      android:layout_width = "match_parent" 
      android:layout_weight = "15" 
      android:layout_height = "0dp" 
      android:background = "@drawable/btnSignInStyle" 
      android:id = "@+id/btnSignIn" 
      android:layout_marginLeft = "20dp" 
      android:layout_marginRight = "20dp" 
      android:textSize = "15sp" /> 
   <Button 
      android:text = "Sign Up" 
      android:layout_width = "match_parent" 
      android:layout_weight = "15" 
      android:layout_height = "0dp" 
      android:background = "@drawable/btnSignUpStyle" 
      android:id = "@+id/btnSignUp" 
      android:layout_marginLeft = "20dp" 
      android:layout_marginRight = "20dp" 
      android:textSize = "15sp" /> 
   <RelativeLayout 
      android:layout_width = "match_parent" 
      android:layout_height = "0dp" 
      android:layout_weight = "50" 
      android:minWidth = "25px" 
      android:minHeight = "25px"> 
      <ProgressBar 
         android:layout_width = "wrap_content" 
         android:layout_height = "wrap_content" 
         android:id = "@+id/progressBar1" 
         android:background = "@drawable/progressBarStyle" 
         android:layout_centerInParent="true" 
         android:indeterminate = "true" 
         xmlns:tools = "
            http://schemas.android.com/tools" 
         tools:visibility = "invisible" /> 
   </RelativeLayout> 
</LinearLayout>

创建用户界面后，设置按钮的样式以使它们看起来更有吸引力非常重要。为此，请在可绘制文件夹下创建一个新的 XML 文件，并将该文件命名为btnSignInStyle.xml。

在 XML 文件中，添加以下代码行 -

<selector xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> 
   <item android:state_pressed = "false"> 
      <layer-list> 
         <item android:right = "5dp" android:top = "5dp"> 
            <shape> 
               <corners android:radius = "2dp"/> 
               <solid android:color = "#D6D6D6"/> 
            </shape> 
         </item>  
         <item android:left = "2dp" android:bottom = "2dp"> 
            <shape> 
               <corners android:radius = "4dp"/> 
               <gradient android:angle = "270" 
                  android:endColor = "#486EA9" android:startColor = "#486EA9"/> 
               <stroke android:width = "1dp" android:color = "#BABABA"/> 
               <padding android:bottom = "10dp" 
                  android:right = "10dp" android:left = "10dp" android:top = "10dp"/> 
            </shape>  
         </item> 
      </layer-list> 
   </item> 
   <item android:state_pressed = "true"> 
      <layer-list> 
         <item android:right = "5dp" android:top = "5dp"> 
            <shape> 
               <corners android:radius = "2dp"/> 
               <solid android:color = "#D6D6D6"/> 
            </shape> 
         </item>  
         <item android:left = "2dp" android:bottom = "2dp"> 
            <shape> 
               <corners android:radius = "4dp"/> 
               <gradient android:angle = "270" 
                  android:endColor = "#79C791" android:startColor = "#486EA9"/> 
               <stroke android:radius = "4dp" android:color = "#BABABA"/>
               <padding android:bottom = "10dp" 
                  android:right = "10dp" android:left = "10dp" android:top = "10dp"/> 
            </shape> 
         </item> 
      </layer-list> 
  </item> 
</selector>          

上面的代码设置了加载和单击时按钮的颜色，还设置了按钮的边框半径。

接下来，我们为注册按钮创建一个与上面类似的样式 XML 。为此，请在可绘制文件夹下创建另一个 XML 并将其命名为btnSignUpStyle.xml。它将继承btnSignInStyle.xml的所有内容。唯一的区别是按钮的渐变开始和结束颜色。

将btnSignUpStyle.xml中的startColor和endColor更改为

<gradient android:angle="270" 
   android:endColor="#008000" android:startColor="#008000"/>

转到布局文件夹并创建一个新的 AXML 文件并将其命名为 registerDailog.axml。该文件将包含我们应用程序中新用户的注册详细信息。该页面将包含三个EditText和一个用于提交数据的按钮。在线性布局代码中添加以下代码。

<EditText 
   android:layout_width = "match_parent" 
   android:layout_marginBottom = "10dp" 
   android:layout_marginTop = "25dp" 
   android:layout_marginRight = "25dp" 
   android:layout_marginLeft = "25dp" 
   android:layout_height = "35dp" 
   android:paddingLeft = "10dp" 
   android:id = "@+id/txtUsername" 
   android:hint = "Username" 
   android:textColor = "#000" /> 
<EditText 
   android:layout_width = "match_parent" 
   android:layout_height = "35dp" 
   android:id = "@+id/txtEmail" 
   android:layout_marginBottom = "10dp" 
   android:layout_marginTop = "25dp" 
   android:layout_marginRight = "25dp" 
   android:layout_marginLeft = "25dp" 
   android:paddingLeft = "10dp"
   android:textColor = "#000" 
   android:hint = "Email" /> 
<EditText 
   android:layout_width = "match_parent" 
   android:layout_height = "35dp" 
   android:layout_marginBottom = "10dp" 
   android:layout_marginTop = "25dp" 
   android:layout_marginRight = "25dp" 
   android:layout_marginLeft = "25dp" 
   android:paddingLeft = "10dp" 
   android:textColor = "#000" 
   android:id = "@+id/txtPassword" 
   android:hint = "Password" />
<Button 
   android:text = "Sign Up" 
   android:layout_width = "match_parent" 
   android:layout_height = "wrap_content" 
   android:id = "@+id/btnSave" 
   android:textSize = "20dp" 
   android:textColor = "#fff" 
   android:textStyle = "bold" 
   android:height = "70dp" 
   android:background = "@drawable/btnSignUpStyle" 
   android:paddingLeft = "5dp" 
   android:paddingRight = "5dp" 
   android:paddingTop = "5dp" 
   android:paddingBottom = "5dp" 
   android:layout_marginLeft = "25dp" 
   android:layout_marginRight = "25dp" 
   android:layout_centerHorizontal = "true" /> 

接下来，添加一个名为signUpDialog.cs的新类。此类将包含创建对话框所需的代码。以下示例显示了代码。

public class OnSignUpEvent:EventArgs { 
   private string myUserName; 
   private string myEmail; 
   private string myPassword; 
   public string UserName { 
      get { 
         return myUserName; 
      } 
      set{ 
         myUserName = value;
      } 
   } 
      
   public string Email { 
      get { 
         return myEmail; 
      } 
      set { 
         myEmail = value; 
      } 
   } 
      
   public string Password { 
      get { 
         return myPassword; 
      } 
      set { 
         myPassword = value; 
      } 
   }  
   public OnSignUpEvent(string username, string 
      email, string password):base() { 
      UserName = username; 
      Email = email; 
      Password = password; 
   } 
     
   class SignUpDialog:DialogFragment { 
      private EditText txtUsername; 
      private EditText txtEmail; 
      private EditText txtPassword; 
      private Button btnSaveSignUp; 
      public event EventHandler<OnSignUpEvent> onSignUpComplete; 
      public override View OnCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, 
         ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
         base.OnCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);       
         var view = inflater.Inflate(Resource.Layout.registerDialog, container, false); 
         txtUsername = view.FindViewById<EditText>(Resource.Id.txtUsername); 
         txtEmail = view.FindViewById<EditText>(Resource.Id.txtEmail); 
         txtPassword = view.FindViewById<EditText>(Resource.Id.txtPassword);
         btnSaveSignUp = view.FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnSave); 
         btnSaveSignUp.Click += btnSaveSignUp_Click;   
         return view; 
      }  
      void btnSaveSignUp_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { 
         onSignUpComplete.Invoke(this, new OnSignUpEvent(txtUsername.Text, 
         
            txtEmail.Text, txtPassword.Text)); 
         this.Dismiss(); 
      } 
   }
}   

在上面的代码中，我们使用了get和set属性。get方法返回一个变量，而set方法为返回的变量赋值。这是一个例子 -

public string Color { 
   get { 
      return color;  
   } 
   set { 
      color = value;  
   } 
}

在前面的示例中，我们创建了一个覆盖视图的方法。在该方法内部，我们创建了一个名为view的var，它引用了布局文件夹中包含的registerDialog.axml 。

接下来，转到mainActivity.cs创建对话框片段。

private Button signUp; 
private Button submitNewUser; 
private EditText txtUsername; 
private EditText txtEmail; 
private EditText txtPassword; 

protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle) { 
   base.OnCreate(bundle);  
   SetContentView(Resource.Layout.Main);
   signUp = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnSignUp); 
   submitNewUser = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnSave); 
   txtUsername = FindViewById<EditText>(Resource.Id.txtUsername); 
   txtEmail = FindViewById<EditText>(Resource.Id.txtEmail); 
   txtPassword = FindViewById<EditText>(Resource.Id.txtPassword); 
            
   signUp.Click += (object sender, EventArgs args) => { 
      FragmentTransaction transFrag = FragmentManager.BeginTransaction(); 
      SignUpDialog diagSignUp = new SignUpDialog(); 
      diagSignUp.Show(transFrag, "Fragment Dialog"); 
      diagSignUp.onSignUpComplete += diagSignUp_onSignUpComplete; 
   }; 
}  
void diagSignUp_onSignUpComplete(object sender, OnSignUpEvent e) { 
   StartActivity(typeof(Activity2)); 
}             

上面的代码包含一个按钮单击事件，单击该事件时会加载注册对话框。在按钮单击内，我们创建了一个SignUpDialog类，该类加载registerDialog.axml文件。

然后我们使用FragmentTransaction transFrag = FragmentManager.BeginTransaction(); 将我们的registerDialog页面显示为 Android 对话框片段。

我们将添加另一个名为home.axml的.axml文件。一旦用户成功登录系统，此布局将成为登陆屏幕。在此布局中，我们将添加一个文本视图，如以下代码所示。

<TextView 
   android:text = "You have been succesfully registered. Welcome!" 
   android:textAppearance = "?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" 
   android:layout_width = "match_parent" 
   android:layout_height = "wrap_content" 
   android:id = "@+id/textView1" /> 

接下来，我们创建一个名为Activity2.cs的最终活动。在此活动中，我们将使用findViewById查找home.axml。

最后，构建并运行您的应用程序。它将显示以下屏幕作为输出。